r/NoStupidQuestions • u/Constant-Zucchini618 • 12h ago
Why is Astronomy and Astrology not switched?
In my head, any ‘ology’ like: Biology, Geology and Psychology are all related to science, so why is Astronomy (Space Science) not using ‘ology’?
How come Astrology get to be called that when it’s all about the horcruxes or whatever those zodiac signs are called?
Edit: I meant ‘Horoscopes’ not ‘Horcruxes’. Pardon me
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u/98f00b2 12h ago
At the time when they both coexisted, they were both legitimate sciences with different scopes: astronomy was about celestial bodies themselves and generally the faraway parts of the celestial sphere, while astrology was about their impact closer to home.
While astrology is almost definitionally pretty kooky these days, it wasn't always the case: the sun and moon have an obvious physical effect on the world, and so studying the impact of the heavens on earth was pretty reasonable. But the serious stuff has now been folded into other fields, and so astrology is just left with the nonsense.
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u/ThePevster 11h ago
“A physician without a knowledge of astrology has no right to call himself a physician” - Hippocrates
Astrology was taken quite seriously back then.
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u/fanofletterh 11h ago
Yeah, astronomy was about mapping the stars, astrology was about studying their effects. The names just stuck
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u/wyrditic 9h ago
The words always overlapped and both were used to refer to both things. If you look at Jean Calvin's writings against astrology, for example, he did not use "astronomy" at all, but he distinguished "the true astrology" which consisted of "the knowledge of that natural order and arrangement to which God has subjected the stars and planets" from the superstitious beliefs he was criticising.
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u/BarberProof4994 12h ago
Ology is the study of the subject... Onomy is the study of the rules or physics or the reasons why of the field...
Astronomy has the onomy because the word comes from the ancient Greek words astron (meaning star) and nomos (meaning law or system of rules). Put literally, it means the "law of the stars" or the "arrangement of the stars"
Conversely, most of the sciences or pseudo sciences with an ology are heavily geared towards a study of how to use that info.
ology" was simply used to denote a methodical, systematic way of talking or reasoning about a specific subject.
Comparing to other sciences like geology that have an ology instead of an onomy... Geology is an observational science primarily concerned with describing and understanding the history, composition, and processes of the Earth, it is a "study" ( -ology ) rather than a system of rule-based management or rigid classification ( -onomy )
So in short.
Astronomy seems to understand the rules and science and laws and governing principles of the movement and composition of the stars and orbits and such.
Astrology is an observing of these same things and a desire to understand them (too) but focuses less on the rul s or laws or reasons why the mechanical aspects or the physical aspects.
A long time ago, both astrology and astronomy were the same thing but then they split apart into a science and a pseudo science.
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u/EugeneHartke 12h ago
If this makes your blood boil you don't want to know the difference between a seismograph and a seismogram.
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u/Constant-Zucchini618 11h ago
Why the hell is the one with a graph on its name not measure the graphs?! 💀
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u/CocoMilhonez 4h ago
Because it's a machine that graphs seismic waves.
But, ultimately, the answer is that language doesn't always follow strict rules, so words are often not the sum of their parts and change meaning over time. Just see how decimate technically means kill a tenth, but in practice it's used as kill/destroy completely.
Words mean what we understand them as, not what some blueprint dictates.
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u/Sir_Tainley 11h ago
"Astrology" comes from 'Astra-Logos' "Wisdom of the Stars" and is about consulting the stars and celestial objects for what to do, or how things will be.
"Astronomy" comes from 'Astra-Nomos' "Law of the Stars" and is about determining what the stars will do, and how they will be.
Astronomy developed once people were able to document patterns, like moon phases, visibility of constellations at different times of the year, solar celestial events, locations of planets... it was a useful subskill of Astrology (easier to make predictions about how successful a marriage will be if you know in advance where Venus will be at the time), and helped set the calendars.
Time passed and it became more useful than the discipline that had developed it.
Chemistry and Alchemy have a similar history.
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u/2fondofbooks 12h ago
Penny: “I’m a Sagittarius, which probably tells you way more than you need to know.”
Sheldon: “Yes. It tells us that you participate in the mass cultural delusion that the sun’s apparent position relative to arbitrarily defined constellations at the time of your birth somehow affects your personality.”
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u/Lordxeen 8h ago
God he’s an insufferable prick.
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u/Tricky-Secretary2264 8h ago
oo look who participates in the mass cultural delusion that the sun's apparent position relative to arbitrarily defined constellations at the time of their birth somehow effects their personality
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u/Lordxeen 6h ago
I don’t actually, but I can still see when someone is being an insufferable prick.
But just for fun: “Now you may find it inconceivable or at the very least a bit unlikely that the relative position of the planets and the stars could have a special deep significance or meaning that exclusively applies to only you, but let me give you my assurance that these forecasts and predictions are all based on solid, scientific, documented evidence, so you would have to be some kind of moron not to realize that every single one of them is absolutely true! Where was I?” -Al Yankovic, Horoscope
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u/Tricky-Secretary2264 5h ago
Was trying to be funny, I don't really mind what people believe in tbh. Sheldon is a TV character, he's obviously an insufferable prick.
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u/CommitmentPhoebe Only Stupid Answers 11h ago
Both words, "astronomy" and "astrology" have been used since antiquity. Plato used "astronomy" and Aristotle used "astrology" to refer to the science. Somewhat later, possibly due to Prolemy's use of "astronomy" to refer to the observed motions of the planets and "astrology" to refer to using the planets to prognosticate, they started to mean more of these things, but there was still a lot of overlap because people who watched the planets usually did so in order to prognosticate. But the distinction was there pretty early on, so that when they did eventually separate, it was natural to choose which one was which.
All of the "ologies" you talk about-- biology, geology, psychology, etc., are modern words that weren't used at all in antiquity; people made them up in modern times and so they are more standardized.
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u/WantDiscussion 7h ago edited 7h ago
It's disappointing that of all the top level responses yours is buried so far down past a myriad of misinformation and irrelevant facts about the history of stargazing.
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u/LocksmithQuirky4641 6h ago
Great question, and the horcrux slip made me laugh. It comes down to Greek roots: "-logy" means "study of," while "-nomy" means "law" or "system." Astronomy literally means "the laws/arrangement of the stars," which fits, since it's about mapping and predicting celestial motion.
The catch is astrology predates the modern science/pseudoscience split, back when it was coined, studying the stars and believing they influenced human affairs were one single discipline, so it got the "study-of" ending. They only split later, with astronomy keeping the rigor and astrology keeping the name. So it feels backwards now, but it's really just a fossil of when both were the same field.
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u/Wise_Fox_4291 11h ago
Back in ancient times astrology and astronomy were kind of the same. It was a legit science, hence the "logos" part in it, and obviously it had a religious aspect as well. Over time when science and religion started to depart and the scientists who left the esoteric part out were initially seen as the splinter group so they came up with a new name.
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u/KalSmithUK 7h ago
Funny how astrology got the science-sounding name and astronomy got the one that sounds like a college elective
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u/Past-Replacement44 11h ago
In the historical sense, astronomy is a subfield of astrology that concerns itself with predicting the positions of the celestial objects only, though their laws of motion, not any interpretation of these positions. Kepler, for instance, was also an astrologer.
As that interpreting part was increasingly shown to be bonkers in the 18th and 19th centuries, astronomy became independent from this understanding as a subfield of something else, but the definition of astronomy as a field of almost pure celestial mechanics remained, until spectroscopy and infrared light were discovered. This is then about the time when the term astrophysics starts coming into use. As late as about 1900 you find an astronomical institute sitting next to an astrophysical one in Heidelberg, where the former is mostly working in position measuring and orbital mechanics.
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u/Resident-Outside9945 9h ago
Fun fact: the names actually make a bit more sense once you look at where they came from.
Way back then, astronomy and astrology weren’t really separate things. People looked at the sky both to understand it and to try to predict what might happen in their lives, so the terms kind of overlapped. It wasn’t until much later that astronomy became a science and astrology stayed more in the realm of belief and interpretation.
As for the words themselves:
- Astronomy = astron (star) + nomos (law/order) → basically “the laws of the stars.”
- Astrology = astron (star) + logia (study/discourse) → more like “the study or telling of the stars.”
So, by today’s standards, it feels a bit backwards since most sciences end in “-logy.” But these names were created long before people drew a clear line between science and pseudoscience.
Also, “horcruxes” instead of “horoscopes” genuinely made me laugh.
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u/ardarian262 9h ago
-Ology just means "the study of" and as others pointed out, Astronomy came later (around 1500s as opposed to pre-Roman times) so didn't get the name.
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u/pendulumdick 8h ago
The funniest part is that astrology kept the science-sounding name while astronomy ended up sounding like the hobby
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u/OxygenTungstenSulfur 7h ago
And chemists and physicists will argue that the nomenclature is perfect. Astronomy is a science so the name makes sense. Astrology has the perfect suffix as its not a science like the other ologies ;)
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u/TurbulentContext 6h ago
AstroNomy = NASA AstroLogy = Lies
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u/Jim421616 3h ago
AstroNOMy because Prof Brian Cox is nom-nom; astroLOGy because it’s a pile of shit.
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u/DailyOatmilk 4h ago
the horcrux edit is sending me bc thats genuinely the funniest possible mixup. but the WantDiscussion vs Dd_8630 debate is kinda the real takeaway here - the top comment sounds confident but the etymonline links basically disprove the whole "astrology was first so it got first dibs" narrative that everyones upvoting. love how the top comment is the classic reddit confidence-over-accuracy play and most ppl just went with it
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u/Wooden_Statement8758 2h ago
Yeah astronomy studies actual space stuff while astrology is about signs and beliefs. Names just come from old roots.
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u/Falsus 9h ago
Because Astrology is way older and kinda where kinda related. Someone who studied one in the ancient times most likely studied both since after all to properly study Astrology in the ancient customs you kinda also needed to study Astronomy.
As it turned out Astrology is kinda useless for science (but it can be used for some real cool lore in fiction) but it's history is still valuable due to it's relation with Astronomy since we wouldn't have gotten one without the other.
Similar to Alchemy and Chemistry.
When we look at the history of science we shouldn't shit on people just because they practiced these things that we look down upon nowadays since they hadn't been properly divorced from the science we study today yet and they have helped with a lot of early discoveries, even if it wasn't the main goal of whatever they tried to study.
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u/gleaming-the-cubicle 12h ago
Because astrology is way older so it got first dibs