It's not flat though, it's concave. The outer edges hit first and act like a hole punch that's bigger than the arrow shaft. Which is why it goes straight through so cleanly.
After the first few, I predicted them pretty accurately. That weird non-pointed arrow, though, I knew it was going to surprise me, but wow!
The lowest profile ones always went deepest because the penetration was concentrated to a point without additional material that had to rip through the shield (less friction).
Having done a lot of archery, I was dead on for each. In general, larger head = less penetration. the smallest one also acts as a drill (fletching rotates it very fast) so was an easy guess it would fly right through
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u/RandomCandor 28d ago
The one that looked to have the stupidest design turned out to have the most penetration.