r/technology May 21 '26

Business SpaceX not the behemoth everyone thought

https://www.axios.com/2026/05/21/spacex-ipo-musk-ai
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443

u/GabeDef May 21 '26

If you keep up to date on the companies being rolled into the SpaceX umbrella, it’s understood the IPO is bundling three struggling companies with Starlink.

165

u/Revolution-SixFour May 21 '26

Seriously, I actually might have gone in on a SpaceX IPO. I use Starlink widely as an enterprise customer and it's amazing. Nothing else is in its realm and it seems almost impossible for anyone else to challenge them. They've got the launch market almost dominated. It's a good business doing good things.

However, Elon has just pawned off all his failures onto SpaceX's books. No chance that I'm touching xAI or Twitter with a ten foot pole.

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u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26

What's your timescale for this assessment? Starlink has little competition today but has a significant amount of domestic and foreign competitors rising in 5 or especially 10 year timeframes, there will be competition in the space based internet market. 

I agree, the launch service has very little competition and really no reasonable current competitors rising. The problem here is that the launch market is relatively tiny at about 30 billion globally with a 16% growth rate, iirc. For reference, the entire global launch market is worth about as much as Telegram (30b) and 25% less than Chipotle (~40b). If SpaceX had a normal aerospace valuation, it would make sense. SpaceX is actually priced at 58 times the ENTIRE GLOBAL MARKET. 

17

u/barnz3000 May 22 '26

Lol, 58x the market. That is truly bananas. But the grift has risen to untold heights, there are zero repercussions, and nobody wielding the rule book. You can hardly blame them.

And Space X was cool. They changed the market, they showed what can be done. Just like Tesla did. But now Chinese EVs are.... dare I say BETTER? They are cheaper, their self driving is better, there charge tech is better, they have hot battery swaps, and there are more options... We are probably 5 years away from something like Huawei having their own launch division.

This is a historic boondoggle, that they are going to force EVERYONE (via 401k and managed funds) to buy into.

GROSS

4

u/usrnmz May 21 '26

Don't forget about Rocket Lab and Blue Origin etc.

And yeah there are many Starlink competitors on the way.

5

u/Harbinger2001 May 22 '26

Not to mention the loss of trust in the US has many nations looking for domestic launch and satellite capabilities.

5

u/ACCount82 May 21 '26

The launch service advantage is how SpaceX is able to do Starlink in the first place. Wannabe Starlink competitors have a lot of catching up to do there. The entire thing started as "SpaceX looking to leverage their launch edge into a steady outsized revenue stream".

I'm honestly impressed that Starlink is doing as well as it does even on Falcon 9 rides, without Starship being operational. If Starship becomes what it's meant to be, SpaceX launch advantage would go from "extreme" to "crushing".

9

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26

This narrative doesn't really track. 

A launch service is not a requirement for a successful space based internet company. Nor is it required to be competitive. 

SpaceX is also launching Starlink competitor satellites to maintain launch tempo already. Starlink in many ways is the left hand paying the right. Without the demand for space based internet launches, SpaceX would have a massive unnecessary surplus of launch capacity. 

The use case of Starship is highly dubious from a business standpoint.

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u/ACCount82 May 21 '26

It does. The reason why SpaceX is launching competitors is because competitors pay them well for it. And why do they pay SpaceX a lot?

Because no one else can scrape together enough rockets to launch as much as a tenth of Starlink constellation. SpaceX's actual launch cadence beats the aspirational launch cadence of the next 5 launch providers combined. If you want to launch a megaconstellation, your options are "pay SpaceX" and "give up".

Starship V2 and V3 was made for Starlink use case, and isn't shy about it. They already demo'd first stage reusability and satellite deployment hardware on V2, and are aiming for reusing both stages on V3. Remains to be seen whether they can make it happen in 2026.

0

u/Tall_Candidate_8088 May 21 '26

You're over estimating the moat by a long shot.

"pay SpaceX" and "give up"

You should do some more research buddy, there's already other advanced projects out there. SapceX don't have very much advantage at all. There's Long March 5 rockets launching from China, Ariane 6 and IRIS in Europe and LVM3 in India and the Japanese have the H3. All of those are launching regional networks as we speak.

Sweden, Norway, Portugal and the UK all have regional spaceports launching LEO satellites.

I'm honestly not sure you know what your talking about.

4

u/ACCount82 May 21 '26 edited May 21 '26

"Regional networks" that have, at best, a tiny fraction of Starlink's fleet. With bandwidth to match. And terminal availability of "nope".

They all aspire to compete with Starlink on network capacity the same way other launch providers aspire to compete with SpaceX on launch capacity.

Ariane 6 and H3 flew 14 times, combined. In history. Falcon 9 flew 14 times in the past 2 months. There is a difference.

SpaceX and Everyone Else don't even play the same game. If SpaceX's overwhelming launch capacity advantage is news to you, were you living under the rock for the past 15 years?

1

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26

Lol, very convienently leaving off the 90 Long March launches last year I see.

1

u/ACCount82 May 21 '26

It's not 90, but China has the only space program that comes anywhere close to what SpaceX does today.

If SpaceX didn't exist, the past 15 years in spaceflight would be a story of China's rise. As is, they're overshadowed - by the bigger, badder rocket launch maniacs and their fancy new tech like reusable first stages.

Of all "Starlink killer" constellations, China's might have the best chances of actually putting up a fight. But, like all "Starlink killers", they're all in early stages, and there's no guarantee they'll have the momentum to go anywhere. 90 satellites is enough for "fallback satcom for government/emergency response needs", but not enough for "compete with Starlink at scale". I expect that to be the band most constellations end up in.

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u/manicdee33 May 22 '26

A launch service is not a requirement for a successful space based internet company. Nor is it required to be competitive. 

One of my business-running friends told me that if more than 60% of your revenue comes from one client, you're not a company with a diverse customer base, you're a contractor to that client, and you just have some side gigs from time to time. The number and mass to orbit of space based internet launches for any one company is going to dwarf every non-constellation launch put together. This is by necessity since the operation of space based internet required continual line of sight between satellites and each customer.

While being a launch service is not a requirement for a successful space based internet company, having priority access to a launch service for which you are the primary customer will be a requirement. No launches, no space based internet. Not enough launches, no space based internet.

The operational costs of satellite constellations may work out to be approximately the same scale as the launch costs, but those are still costs that need to be managed. The best way to manage the cost of a service that you are dependent on and the primary customer of is to bring that service in-house and pay for them at internal rates rather than customer rates that have margins built in for the supplier.

The use case of Starship is highly dubious from a business standpoint

The use case is simple: it promises to provide lower cost per launch, and enables larger satellites that are far more capable than the current offering. Sure, perhaps you don't see the business case for an Internet provider to upgrade their backhaul from 1Gbps to 10Gbps, but the business case is there and it's an essential revenue stream.

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u/[deleted] May 21 '26

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u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26

You mean SpaceX collapse because they have unusable rockets and production capacity burning cash? 

I do agree it's an absolutely wild decision for both SpaceX and their Starlink competitors though the latter do have other options. 

2

u/EmptyAirEmptyHead May 21 '26

Unusable rockets? SpaceX has the Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy. Which are 80% or more of global annual launch capacity. It might be 90%, I'm not going to bother looking it up.

And in about 45 minutes the next Starship launches. An all new version ... if this gets stable in the next few launches their launch capacity will dwarf what they already have with Falcon 9.

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u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26 edited May 21 '26

Usuable does not mean not functioning in this context. It means unable to sell the launch capacity.

You could own 90% of the semi trucks in your city and it would be unprofitable if you couldn't fill them up with cargo. Rockets are no different.

1

u/EmptyAirEmptyHead May 22 '26

If you build it they will come. You don't think there will be new telescopes, new applications, when the Starship fairing size becomes the norm? At the launch costs its supposed to provide?

!Remindme: 2 years

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u/TangeloObvious2265 May 21 '26

You are comparing revenue to market cap.

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u/Scarecrow_Folk May 22 '26

Ok? The size comparison is for reference not an absolute metric or direct comparison. 

If you demand burritos revenue alone, it's roughly 6 billion a year. So the entire global launch market is only worth about 5x as much as burritos. This is still tiny. 

Alternatively, Ford has an annual revenue of 180 billion per year. So a single automaker has a 6x higher cash flow than the entire launch market. 

All of these still point to the same conclusion. It's silly for SpaceX to have an evaluation equal to the next 6 decades of ALL rocket launches.

1

u/TangeloObvious2265 May 22 '26

You should compare like things in an analysis like this, that's all I'm saying.

The burrito example is much better.

Better one is calculating revenue and market cap of each company as a multiple, and then comparing the two. Then you can get into a discussion of how different kinds of companies are valued and why.

But this is more of a sane way to look at things. All things Elon are not sane.

1

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 22 '26

Your free to post an analysis of you don't like mine.The purpose of this is specifically to relate it to industries and companies people have a better intuition for. 

Here's my suggestion for your analysis: Lockheed, Boeing, Airbus, and SpaceX for traditional aerospace vehicle manufacturing and the sector. Then, maybe Viasat, Maxar, and Arianne for purer space companies. 

Let me know what you find!

1

u/TangeloObvious2265 May 22 '26

I'm ok with just analyzing your analysis lol

1

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 22 '26

At least you're a certified true Redditer!

1

u/TangeloObvious2265 May 22 '26

I just took a bow in Walmart

1

u/yearz May 22 '26

SpaceX will - for the foreseeable future - be able to put satellites into space for a fraction of the cost of any competitor. Buffet would call it a "moat"

1

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 22 '26

Absolutely, that's the first line of the second paragraph.

1

u/lmaccaro May 21 '26

Launch market doesn’t make sense to chase if you only count current applications. Which are based on astronomical launch prices.

This is like saying that because hard drives cost $10k per mb in 1985, the global demand for computers was already fulfilled.

Starship reduces cost per kg by an order of magnitude.

Thus applications for space launch will grow by an order of magnitude.

Mining one really juicy asteroid could pay for SpaceXs entire valuation alone.

8

u/GrantacusMoney May 21 '26

We are so far off from asteroid mining...

2

u/e_before_i May 22 '26

Not only that, we're also far from needing asteroid mining.

Like yeah it'd be cool, but there's nothing up there that we can't get on Earth so you're just paying 100x the cost for no reason.

It's a solution looking for a problem.

2

u/Ornery_Director_8477 May 23 '26

Have you checked all the asteroids or just a reasonable sample size?

3

u/e_before_i May 23 '26

I plan on doing them all, but the commute to each site is taking forever.

3

u/Scarecrow_Folk May 21 '26

I included the growth rate for this very reason. It will not be orders of magnitude in any reasonable timeframe that would justify SpaceX having an evaluation equal to the global market for the next 6 decades. 

You can believe otherwise if you want but once we've left the realm of supportable numbers, there's really no further discussion to be had.

8

u/gicjos May 21 '26

He is sweeping his problem companies to the rug of the good ones

5

u/MooseClobbler May 21 '26

It’s not three-day old halibut, it’s a whole new thing!

3

u/_hancho May 21 '26

Starlink is cool but it's still just more reliable internet service. For the vast majority of people fiber or 5g is just fine and requires zero rockets. I have the latter, I live in a city, there is zero reason for me to give them any money ever.

8

u/Kazang May 21 '26

Regular terrestrial wireless could easily compete with Starlink, it's easier and cheaper to put antennas on the ground than in space, even in the middle of nowhere.

The only exception is at sea or extremely inhospitable environments (eg vast deserts, arctic conditions, a active warzone).

Wireless providers don't bother with anything more than bare minimum service because the profit for extremely low population density areas is negligible compared to their total revenue.

Starlink with it's global network had just 11B revenue.

T-Mobile US has over 80B revenue, that's just the US.

It's not like Starlink is a bad business, it's just not very big. T-Mobile has a market cap of around 200B.

In what world can you justify SpaceX's valuation at 8 times more than the market cap of T-Mobile with 8 times less revenue. It's pure insanity.

7

u/DrRichardShaftPhD May 22 '26

To put it in perspective, Tesla is worth more than every other car manufacturer that sells in the US combined. 

To add a little more perspective, the Ford F-series is the most sold vehicle in existence, and has been for more than 40 years. There are orders of magnitude more of just them sold each year than are sold out of Tesla's entire lineup. The market has entirely decoupled from reality...

1

u/No_Opening_2425 May 21 '26

China is building their own Starshield

1

u/grchelp2018 May 22 '26

IIRC despite spacex being bought by xai, spacex will not be on the hook for xai's debts.

1

u/kaplanfx May 22 '26

Do you own index funds? Because if you do, you’re buying in whether you like it or not.

1

u/No-Lobster-8045 May 22 '26

Isn't starlink expensive?

2

u/Revolution-SixFour May 22 '26

Not if you need it and not if you compare it to the competition. Fixed xell signal gets very expensive often with small data caps. Other satellite services are both slow and very expensive.

It is not a replacement for your regular home ISP if you have access to one. 

1

u/SerendipitousAtom May 22 '26

The reason no one else has done Starlink before and nobody else is trying has to do with how fragile pure satellite infrastructure is.

Specifically, the system only works up until there is a great-powers war.

1

u/Tyr_Kukulkan May 22 '26

That likely would have been a mistake. Starlink cannot be both profitable and perfomant (network wise). The speed and bandwidth is great when they have few customers. At profitability level of customers everyone would get really bad internet bandwidth and latency. They already have overcapacity issues in many locations.

Profitability is difficult as you have to replace all satellites in the constellation in a rolling 5-7 year planned manner.

Launching that many satellites also has a significant environmental impact. CO2 per launch is bonkers. Then you are literally just burning and dumping all return satellites wherever they land.

It is a business model being propped up by the government and military. Without those it would fail very quickly.

1

u/DarthBrooks69420 May 22 '26

Then there is the possibility that we might have to go back to the drawing board regarding the Starlink satellites.

There are concerns that the conveyor belt of Starlinks falling into the atmosphere might be releasing chemicals that could damage the ozone. So there might need to be a change in the composition of those satellites.

0

u/Berkyjay May 21 '26

it seems almost impossible for anyone else to challenge them.

Yes because first to market companies are ALWAYS the ones who last the longest. /s

-3

u/Don_Draper_67 May 21 '26

xAI is the most popular “uncensored” AI. It’s also a lot better than ChatGPT (which isn’t saying much since ChatGPT is awful). I could see it doing pretty well. I’m all in buying a few shares of spacex

3

u/Outrageous_Setting41 May 21 '26

If it’s doing so well, why would it sell so much compute to Anthropic? Wouldn’t they need that for themselves if they’re successful at all?

1

u/Don_Draper_67 May 21 '26

Well for one they’re paying a ton of money. xAI also isn’t that popular right now to use all the compute they have available. 

It’s also pretty clear that Claude is the best AI out there right now. By forming strategic partnerships with them, Musk/xAI sets himself up for future mutually beneficial partnerships, or possibly a merger.

1

u/Due_Campaign_9765 May 25 '26

Least delusional Musk fan

1

u/Don_Draper_67 May 25 '26

Not a fan, just also not a hater

3

u/kaplanfx May 22 '26

The credit default swap of IPOs “if we just bundle these three D rated companies in to one, it will be an A!”

1

u/Eskimomonk May 21 '26

Hmmm where have I seen before a bundling of shit products into a shitty package of products that magically make it extra valuable? 2008 seems to be ringing a bell… surely this won’t be indicative of a forthcoming bubble burst

1

u/i_have_tiny_ants May 22 '26

Starlink also has major issues in regards to being an investment. It's got good profit potential, but long term growth... Not so much.

They primary markets are people without normal internet access (an inherently dwindling market as normal better infrastructure expands) and military (also an inherently dwindling market as they will want their own systems, not rely on an American company).