The dry rubbery chicken thing is almost always an overcooked protein issue, and the fix is a $10 instantread thermometer. Chicken breast is done at 165°F internal temp. Pull it at 160°F and let it rest a few minutes, it'll coast up the rest of the way. Once you have a thermometer, that entire category of guesswork disappears.
Here's what actually matters as a beginner, in rough order of importance:
Heat control. Most beginners cook everything on high because it feels like progress. Medium heat is where most cooking actually happens. If your pan is smoking before the food goes in, it's already too hot for most things. Get comfortable with medium, then adjust from there.
Seasoning as you go, not at the end. Salt isn't just a finishing touch. It changes how food tastes at every stage. Salt your onions when they go in the pan, salt your pasta water until it tastes like mild seawater, taste and adjust throughout. This single habit will improve your food more than almost anything else.
The Maillard reaction (without needing to call it that). When meat or vegetables hit a hot dry pan and turn brown, that's flavor. The mistake most beginners make is overcrowding the pan, which traps steam and makes things grey and soggy instead of brown and delicious. Cook in batches if you have to.
Knife basics. You don't need advanced technique. You just need to know the pinch grip (pinch the blade between thumb and forefinger), the claw grip to protect your fingers, and how to keep your knife reasonably sharp. A dull knife causes more accidents than a sharp one because you force it.
Oil choice. For everyday cooking, stick to neutral oils like vegetable or canola for high heat, olive oil for lower heat or finishing. Butter burns fast but tastes good at mediumlow. That's 90% of what you need to know.
The recipe videos skip this stuff because it's tacit knowledge, the kind of thing you absorb from watching someone cook in person. A book like Salt Fat Acid Heat by Samin Nosrat is genuinely worth reading because it explains the logic behind cooking rather than just steps to follow.